What Is SMAW?

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) is the process of joining metal parts using a consumable electrode. Also known as stick welding, it is one of the world’s oldest and most widely used metal processes. SMAW can operate in a variety of welding positions, making it suitable for various environments and industries.

The SMAW Process

SMAW follows these procedures:

1. Equipment check and setup: These are performed to ensure weld quality and safety throughout welding. They include a run-through of your welding machine, power source and protective gear (gloves, clothing and hood ). Set the power source to the correct voltage and amperage.    
2. Choosing an electrode: The electrode, also called a “stick” or “rod”, impact weld quality, arc stability and penetration rate, so it must be properly selected. Whichever electrode or rod you choose, be sure it matches the application  for the most optimal results. Once selected, you must connect your ground lead to the welding surface so that the electrical current flows through the electrode when it comes in contact with the welding surface. This will create the arc.
3. Striking the arc: This is where the electrode starts to make contact with the welding surface. The electrode and the workpiece touch, creating an arc and generating heat. This heat produces a molten weld pool, which fuses the electrode with the welding surface.
4. Welding technique: SMAW gives the welder more control over the machine than other welding processes. The welder’s preferred technique determines the weld results. Depending on the project, welders may use the circle technique, weaving or whipping the electrode. The rod is consumed during welding process.
5. Slag removal: The welding process ends with the cooling stage and slag removal. Slag deposits from the flux coating can be easily removed from the weld area using standard tools like a wire brush or chipping hammer.
6. Weld cleaning: Remove spatter from the weld area and the surrounding workspace using a sanding disc or a pad. This helps keep the equipment clean and ready for another project.
7. Finishing touches: This is the last step in the welding process. The project is either buffed, sealed or painted to smoothen the surface and protect it from corrosion.

SMAW Benefits

As one of the most commonly used welding processes, it’s no surprise that SMAW offers plenty of advantages, such as:

• Portability: Stick welding can be done in a variety of environments — indoors, outdoors and even in confined spaces. For outdoor applications where the wind is a factor, stick welding is ideal because it’s not affected by porosity issues, bad penetration and uneven pool and weld formation.
• Cost effectiveness: SMAW doesn’t require a lot of equipment to conduct, so there is no need for a costly investment. It produces a strong weld and costs less to operate and maintain.
• Versatility: This type of welding process is suitable for a variety of industrial applications. It works with a wide range of metals, such as iron, steel, nickel, aluminum and copper. There’s also an abundance of electrodes to choose from for every project.

Choose Foss General Contractors for Your SMAW Projects

If you’re looking for an industrial construction company to work on your SMAW projects, call Foss General Contractors. We serve various sectors and specialize in industrial construction services to match your needs. Contact us for more information.